He aha te pereti kowiri tira?

Rau maitai kore waikuraHe pepa whakarewa papatahi, tapawhā rite tonu te rahi, he mea hanga mai i te kowiri tira (kei roto ko ngā huānga whakarewa pēnei i te chromium me te nickel). Ko ōna āhuatanga matua ko te ātete pai ki te waikura (nā te kiriata tiaki chromium oxide e whakaora ana i a ia anō i hangaia ki te mata), te ataahua me te roa (ka taea e tōna mata kanapa te whakamahi i ngā momo maimoatanga), te kaha teitei, me ngā āhuatanga akuaku me te ngāwari ki te horoi. Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka waiho hei rauemi matua e hiahiatia ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā tono, tae atu ki ngā pakitara arai me ngā whakapaipai hoahoa, ngā taputapu me ngā taputapu kīhini, ngā taputapu hauora, te tukatuka kai, ngā ipu matū, me te kawe waka. He tino pai hoki te mīhini (te hanga me te whakarewa) me te painga taiao o te 100% hangarua.

Ngā āhuatanga o ngā pereti maitai kore waikura

1. Ātete Pai ki te Waikura
► Tikanga Matua: Ko te nui o te chromium ≥10.5% ka hanga i tētahi kiriata whakangāwari chromium oxide matotoru, ka wehea mai i ngā mea waikura (wai, waikawa, tote, me ētahi atu).
► Ngā Huānga Whakapakari: Mā te tāpiri i te molybdenum (pēnei i te karaehe 316) ka ātete ki te waikura o te katote hauhāora, ko te nikara ia ka whakapai ake i te pumau i roto i ngā taiao waikawa me te kawakore.
► Ngā Whakamahinga Noa: Ngā taputapu matū, te miihini moana, me ngā paipa tukatuka kai (ātete ki te waikura i raro i te pānga roa ki te waikawa, te kawakore, me te rehu tote).

2. Te Kaha me te Pakari Nui
► Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa: Neke atu i te 520 MPa te kaha kume (pērā i te maitai kore waikura 304), ā, mā ētahi maimoatanga wera ka rua ake te kaha (martensitic 430).
► Te Pakari o te Pāmahana Iti: Ka mau tonu te ngāwari o te Austenitic 304 i te -196°C, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao cryogenic pērā i ngā tāke rokiroki hauota wai.

3. Te Akuaku me te Mā
► Ngā Āhuatanga o te Mata: Ka ārai te hanganga kore-pūpū i te tipu o te huakita, ā, kua whakamanahia hoki mō te kai (hei tauira, GB 4806.9).
► Ngā Whakamahinga: Ngā taputapu pokanga, ngā taputapu tēpu, me ngā taputapu rongoā (ka taea te whakahoromata ki te mamaoa pāmahana teitei, kāore he toenga).
4. Ngā Painga Tukatuka me te Taiao
► Kirihou: Ka taea e te maitai Austenitic 304 te kukume hōhonu (uara kapu ≥ 10mm), ā, he pai mō te tā i ngā wāhanga uaua.
► Maimoatanga Mata: E tautokona ana te whakakanapa whakaata (Ra ≤ 0.05μm) me ngā tukanga whakapaipai pēnei i te whakairo.
► 100% Ka taea te hangarua anō: Ka whakaitihia e te hangarua te tapuwae waro, me te reiti hangarua neke atu i te 90% (he whiwhinga LEED mō ngā whare matomato).

Te whakamahinga o ngā pereti maitai kore waikura i roto i te ao

1. Te Waka Taumaha o te Pūngao Hou
He takirua ōhanga, kaha teiteipereti maitai kore waikuraKua angitu te whakatinanatanga o ngā anga pākahiko me ngā anga pūhiko ki roto i ngā taraka mahi taumaha pūngao hou, e aro ana ki ngā wero waikura me te ngenge e pā ana ki te maitai waro tuku iho i roto i ngā taiao takutai moana tino makuku, tino waikura. Neke atu i te 30% teitei ake tōna kaha kume i tērā o te maitai Q355 tuku iho, ā, neke atu i te 25% teitei ake tōna kaha whakaputa. Ka tutuki hoki he hoahoa māmā, ka roa ake te ora o te anga, ā, ka whakarite kia tika te anga pākahiko i te wā whakakapinga pākahiko. Tata ki te 100 ngā taraka mahi taumaha ā-rohe kua mahi i te rohe ahumahi takutai moana o Ningde mō ngā marama 18, kāore he rerekētanga, he waikura rānei. Tekau mā rua ngā taraka mahi taumaha kua rite ki tēnei anga kua kaweake ki tāwāhi mō te wā tuatahi.

2. Ngā Taputapu Rokiroki me te Kawe Pūngao Hauwai
Ko te maitai kore waikura austenitic S31603 (JLH) a Jiugang, i whakamanahia e te National Special Inspection Institute, he mea hanga motuhake mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā oko pēhanga cryogenic hauwai wai/hēriuma wai (-269°C). He pai tonu te ngāwari o tēnei rauemi, he pakari te pānga, ā, he iti te ngawari ki te pakaru hauwai ahakoa i ngā pāmahana tino iti, e whakakī ana i te āputa i roto i ngā maitai motuhake i te Tai Hauāuru o Haina, ā, e whakatairanga ana i te hanga o ngā tāke rokiroki hauwai wai i hangaia i te motu.

3. Hanganga Pūngao Tauine Nui

Ka whakamahia e te kaupapa hiko wai o te awa o Yarlung Zangbo te maitai kore waikura martensitic waro-iti 06Cr13Ni4Mo (e 300-400 tana te rahi e hiahiatia ana mō ia waeine), me te tapeke e 28,000-37,000 tana te rahi, hei ātete i te pānga wai tere-rahi me te horo o te cavitation. Ka whakamahia te maitai kore waikura takirua utu nui i roto i ngā hononga whānui piriti me ngā tautoko tuku hei ātete i te taiao haumākū me te waikura o te mania, me te rahi pea o te mākete ki te tekau piriona yuan.

4. Ngā Hanganga Whare me ngā Hanganga Ahumahi Pumau

Ngā pakitara ārai hoahoa (pērā i te Pourewa o Shanghai), ngā tauhohenga matū (316L mō te ātete ki te waikura karaihe), me ngā taputapu pokanga hauora (kua orohia mā te hikohiko304/316L) e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maitai kore waikura mō tōna ātete ki te huarere, ki te akuaku, me ōna āhuatanga whakapaipai. Ka whakamahia e ngā taputapu tukatuka kai me ngā arai taputapu (430/444 maitai) ōna āhuatanga ngāwari ki te horoi me tōna ātete ki te waikura katote hauota.