Whakapā mai mō ētahi atu mōhiohio rahi
Paipa Rino Kore-Tuitui API 5L Karaehe B (PSL1, PSL2)
| Paipa Rino API 5LTaipitopito Hua | |
| Ngā māka | API 5L Tau B, X42, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| Taumata Whakatakotoranga | PSL1, PSL2 |
| Awhe Diameter o Waho | 1/2” ki te 2”, 3”, 4”, 6”, 8”, 10”, 12”, 16 inihi, 18 inihi, 20 inihi, 24 inihi tae atu ki te 40 inihi. |
| Kaupapa Matotoru | SCH 10. SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH STD, SCH 80, SCH XS, ki te SCH 160 |
| Ngā Momo Hanga | Kore-tuitui, ERW whakarewa, SAW i roto i te LSAW, DSAW, SSAW, HSAW |
| Momo Mutunga | Ngā pito piko, Ngā pito papatahi |
| Awhe Roa | SRL, DRL, 20 FT (6 mita), 40FT (12 mita) rānei, kua whakaritea |
| Ngā Taupoki Tiaki | kirihou, rino rānei |
| Te Maimoatanga Mata | Taiao, Pania, Peita Mangu, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Panitia Taumaha Konukuraiti) Kua Whakakikoruatia, Kua Raina rānei ki te CRA |
Paipa Rino API 5L Taumata BTūtohi Rahi
| Diameter o Waho (OD) | Matotoru o te Pakitara (WT) | Rahi Paipa Ingoa (NPS) | Roa | Kei te wātea te karaehe maitai | Momo |
| 21.3 mm (0.84 inihi) | 2.77 – 3.73 mm | ½ inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X56 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 33.4 mm (1.315 inihi) | 2.77 – 4.55 mm | 1 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X56 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 60.3 mm (2.375 inihi) | 3.91 – 7.11 mm | 2 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X60 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 88.9 mm (3.5 inihi) | 4.78 – 9.27 mm | 3 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X60 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 114.3 mm (4.5 inihi) | 5.21 – 11.13 mm | 4 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | Tau B – X65 | Kore-tuitui / ERW / SAW |
| 168.3 mm (6.625 inihi) | 5.56 – 14.27 mm | 6 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | Tau B – X70 | Kore-tuitui / ERW / SAW |
| 219.1 mm (8.625 inihi) | 6.35 – 15.09 mm | 8 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X42 – X70 | ERW / SAW |
| 273.1 mm (10.75 inihi) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 10 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X42 – X70 | KĪHI |
| 323.9 mm (12.75 inihi) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 12 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X52 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 406.4 mm (16 inihi) | 7.92 – 22.23 mm | 16 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X56 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 508.0 mm (20 inihi) | 7.92 – 25.4 mm | 20 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X60 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 610.0 mm (24 inihi) | 9.53 – 25.4 mm | 24 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X60 – X80 | KĪHI |
Pāwhiritia te pātene kei te taha matau
PSL 1 (Taumata Whakatakotoranga Hua 1): Mō ngā paipa kua hangaia ki tētahi taumata kounga paerewa taketake.
PSL 2 (Taumata Whakatakotoranga Hua 2): Mā te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha teitei ake, ngā mana matū pakari ake me te NDT, ngā whakaritenga kaha ake.
| API 5L Grade | Ngā Āhuatanga Mīhini Matua (Kaha Putanga) | Ngā horopaki e tika ana mō ngā whenua o Amerika |
| Taumata B | ≥245 MPa | Ngā paipa hau māori pēhanga iti o Amerika Te Raki; Ngā paipa kohikohi mara hinu iti i Amerika Waenganui |
| X42/X46 | >290/317 MPa | Ngā paipa whakamakuku ahuwhenua o te Waenganui-uru o Amerika; ngā whatunga hiko tāone o Amerika ki te Tonga |
| X52 (Matua) | >359 MPa | Ngā paipa hinu kirikiri o Texas; Ngā paipa kohikohi hinu me te hau o uta o Brazil; Ngā paipa hau maori whakawhiti-rohe o Panama |
| X60/X65 | >414/448 MPa | Ngā paipa onepu hinu o Kanata; Ngā paipa pēhanga waenga me te pēhanga teitei o te Moana-a-Mēhiko |
| X70/X80 | >483/552 MPa | Ngā paipa hinu roa o Amerika; ngā papa hinu me te hau wai hohonu o Brazil |
Tirotiro Rauemi Mata– Kōwhiria, ka tirotirohia hoki ngā pereki maitai, ngā koiri rānei o te kounga pai.
Te hanga– Hurihia, werohia rānei kia rite ki te āhua o te paipa (Tuitui kore / ERW / SAW).
Whakarewa–Ka hangaia ngā hononga i roto i ngā paipa mā te whakarewa ātete hiko, mā te whakarewa pewa ruku rānei.
Te Maimoatanga Wera– Whakapai ake i te kaha me te pakari mā te whakamahana tika.
Te Rahi me te Whakatikatika– Whakarerekētia te whānui o te ngongo, ā, whakaūtia kei te tika te rahi.
Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro (NDT)– Tirohia mēnā he hapa o roto, o te mata hoki.
Whakamātautau Waipūmau– Whakamātauria te kaha me ngā turuturu o ia paipa.
Paninga Mata– Tāpirihia he paparanga ārai waikura (he wanihi pango, he FBE, he 3LPE, me ētahi atu).
Te Tohu me te Tirotiro– Tohua ngā whakaritenga, ā, mahia ngā tirotiro kounga whakamutunga.
Tākai me te Tukunga– Tākai, whakarārangihia, ka tukuna me ngā Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira.
Tari Ratonga ā-Rohe e kōrero Pāniora anaE whakarato ana tā mātou apiti ā-rohe i ngā ratonga reo Pāniora, e tuku ana i tētahi wheako tino pai, ā, e whakarite ana i te tukanga kawemai pai rawa atu.
Taonga PonoKei a mātou ngā taonga e ranea ana hei whakatutuki wawe i ō hiahia ota.
Tākai HaumaruKa takai pūmautia ngā paipa, ka hiritia ki ngā paparanga maha o te takai mirumiru hei ārai i te rerekētanga me te pakaru i te wā e kawe ana, kia mau ai te haumaru.
Tukunga Tere me te Whai HuaTukunga ki tāwāhi hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga tuku o tō kaupapa.
Ngā Taipitopito mō te Tākai: Ngā papa rakau kua whakamakukuhia ki te IPPC (he takai paerewa i Amerika Waenganui), he kiriuhi ātete wai e toru-paparanga (hei tiaki i te taiao haukū o te ngahere ua pārūrū), he taupoki tiaki kirihou i ngā pito e rua o te ngongo (hei tiaki i te puehu, i tetahi mea ke rānei i roto). E 2 - 3 tana te taumaha o te utaina (he nui mō ngā kerēne iti ake e kitea ana i ngā papa hangahanga o Amerika Waenganui).
WhakaritengaRoa paerewa 12 m (mō te ipu), 8m/poto ake 10m te roa e wātea ana hoki (e tika ana mō ngā herenga kawe whenua pārūrū i Guatemala, Honduras, me ētahi atu).
Ratonga kotahi-mutuTiwhikete Taketake Pāniora (Puka B) kei tō ringaringa mō te kore utu, Tiwhikete Rauemi MTC, Pūrongo SGS, Rārangi Tākai me te Nama Tauhokohoko; me te Oati "Ki te Tuku Anō i ngā Tuhinga Hē i roto i ngā Hāora 24".
TukungaWhai muri i te tukunga, ka tukuna ngā taonga ki tētahi kaikawe kore here mā te whenua me te moana. Mō ngā wā whakawhiti kua whakatūria o "Haina → Panama → Tauranga Colon (30 rā), Mehiko → Tauranga Manzanillo (28 rā), Costa Rica → Tauranga Limon (35 rā)", ka whakaratohia hoki e mātou ngā ratonga whakawhiti poto mō "tauranga ki te mara hinu/wāhi hanga" (hei tauira, ko te kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga ā-rohe o Panama, TMM).
1. Kei te rite tonu āu paipa maitai API 5L ki ngā paerewa hou mō te mākete o Amerika?
He pono ko tā tātouAPI 5LKei te tino tutuki ngā paipa rino i te API 5L 45th Revision hou, koinei anake te putanga e whakaaetia ana e ngā mana whakahaere o Amerika (te US, Kanata me Amerika Latina)? E tutuki ana hoki i ēnei ngā paerewa ā-ahu o ASME B36.10M me ngā paerewa ā-rohe pēnei i te NOM i Mexico me ngā ture hokohoko kore utu i Panama. Ka taea te tirotiro i ngā tiwhikete katoa (API, NACE MR0175, ISO 9001) i runga i ngā paetukutuku mana.
2. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te rahi tika o te API 5L maitai mō taku kaupapa (hei tauira: X52 vs X65)?
Kōwhiria tō pēhanga, reo me te taiao o te kaupapa: Mō ngā tono pēhanga iti (≤3MPa) pērā i te hau ā-tāone me te whakamakuku ahuwhenua, he ohanga te Wāhanga B, te X42 rānei. Mō te tuku hinu/hau pēhanga-waenga (3–7MPa) i roto i ngā mara o uta (hei tauira, te kirikiri o Texas), ko te X52 te kōwhiringa tino whaihua. Mō ngā paipa pēhanga-teitei (≥7MPa) me ngā kaupapa o waho (hei tauira, ngā mara wai hohonu o Brazil), API 5L X65/API 5L X70/API 5L X80e taunakitia ana hoki mō te kaha whakaputa teitei (448–552MPa). Ka tukuna atu e tā mātou tīma hangarau he taunakitanga mō te kounga kore utu e ai ki ngā taipitopito o tō kaupapa.
Ngā Taipitopito Whakapā
Wāhitau
Te rohe ahumahi whanaketanga o Kangsheng,
Takiwa o Wuqing, taone nui o Tianjin, Haina.
Ī-mēra
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