ASTM API 5L Porowhita Pango Tuia & Paihere Paipa maitai

Koeke | API 5L Kōeke B, X42, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
Taumata Whakatakotoranga | PSL1, PSL2 |
Awhe Diameter waho | 1/2" ki te 2", 3", 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 16 inihi, 18 inihi, 20 inihi, 24 inihi ki te 40 inihi. |
Apiti Matotoru | SCH 10. SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH STD, SCH 80, SCH XS, ki SCH 160 |
Momo Hangahanga | Kore (Hot Rolled and Cold Rolled), Welded ERW (Hoko resistance Welded), SAW (Submerged Arc Welded) i LSAW, DSAW, SSAW, HSAW |
Momo Mutunga | He pito piko, He pito mania |
Awhe Roa | SRL (Te roa Tupurangi Takitahi), DRL (Taurua Random Length), 20 FT (6 mita), 40FT (12 mita) ranei, whakaritea |
Potae Tiaki | he kirihou, he rino ranei |
Maimoatanga Mata | Mauriuri, Warnished, Pane Pango, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Waimaha Taumaha) CRA Whakakakahu, Raina Raina ranei |
API 5L putorino e pā ana ki te waro maitai putorino whakamahia i roto i te hinu me te hau pūnaha tuku. Ka whakamahia hoki ki te kawe i etahi atu wai penei i te mamaoa, te wai, me te paru.
Ko te tohuhanga API 5L e hipoki ana i nga momo hanga paiherea me nga momo hanga tui.
Momo paiherea: ERW, SAW, DSAW, LSAW, SSAW, HSAW Pipe
Ko nga momo noa o te putorino paiherea API 5L e whai ake nei:
ERW: He paihere parenga hiko, e whakamahia ana mo nga diameter paipa iti iho i te 24 inihi.
DSAW/SAW: Ko te whakapiringa pewa kua ruku-rua/te whakahiato pewa kua rukuhia, he huarahi rereke ki te ERW e whakamahia ana mo nga paipa diameter nui ake.
LSAW: Ko te whakapiringa pewa kua rukuhia te roa, ka whakamahia mo te diameter paipa tae atu ki te 48 inihi. Kei te mohiotia ano ko te tukanga hanga JCOE.
SSAW/HSAW: Ko te whakahiato pewa kua ruku ki raro i te toipiri/te whakahiato pewa kua rukuhia, whakamahia mo te diameter paipa tae atu ki te 100 inihi.
Nga Momo Paipa Tukino: Paipa Tuaro-Hoa me te Paipa Tuaro-Mao.
Ko te putorino tuitui ka whakamahia mo nga paipa iti te whanui (he iti iho i te 24 inihi).
(Ko te paipa maitai tuitui he nui ake te whakamahi i te paipa paiherea mo nga diameter paipa iti iho i te 150 mm (6 inihi).
Ka tukuna ano e matou he putorino tuitui diameter nui. Ma te whakamahi i te mahi whakangao wera, ka taea e tatou te whakaputa paipa korekore ki te 20 inihi (508 mm) te whanui. Mena ka hiahia koe ki te paipa tuitui nui ake i te 20 inihi te whanui, ka taea e matou te whakaputa ma te whakamahi i te tukanga wera-whakawhanui ki te 40 inihi (1016 mm) te whanui.




Ka kapi te API 5L i te Tohu B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, me X80.
API 5L putorino maitai utilizes momo kōeke maitai, tae atu Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, me X80. I te pikinga o te karaehe rino, ka kaha ake te mana o te waro rite, ka piki ake nga ahuatanga kaha miihini.
I tua atu, he rereke te hanganga matū o te API 5L paipa korekore me te paiherea o te karaehe rino kotahi, me nga paipa paiherea he nui ake nga whakaritenga me te iti o te waro me te whanariki.
Hanga matū mo te paipa PSL 1 me te t ≤ 0.984” | |||||||
Koeke maitai | Te hautau papatipu, % i runga i te wera me te tātari hua a,g | ||||||
C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | |
mōrahi b | mōrahi b | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | |
Paipa Tukino | |||||||
A | 0.22 | 0.9 | 0.03 | 0.03 | – | – | – |
B | 0.28 | 1.2 | 0.03 | 0.03 | c,d | c,d | d |
X42 | 0.28 | 1.3 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X46 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X52 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X56 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X60 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
X65 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
X70 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
Paipa paiherea | |||||||
A | 0.22 | 0.9 | 0.03 | 0.03 | – | – | – |
B | 0.26 | 1.2 | 0.03 | 0.03 | c,d | c,d | d |
X42 | 0.26 | 1.3 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X46 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X52 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X56 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 | d | d | d |
X60 | 0.26 e | 1.40 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
X65 | 0.26 e | 1.45 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
X70 | 0.26e | 1.65 e | 0.03 | 0.03 | f | f | f |
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; me te Mo ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||
b. Mo ia whakahekenga o te 0.01% i raro iho i te kukū morahi kua tohua mo te waro, ka whakaaetia kia piki ake te 0.05% ki runga ake i te kukū morahi kua tohua mo Mn, tae atu ki te 1.65% teitei mo nga tohu ≥ L245, B ranei, engari ≤ L360, X52 ranei; tae atu ki te 1.75% morahi mo nga tohu > L360, X52 ranei, engari < L485, X70 ranei; tae atu ki te 2.00% morahi mo te auroro L485, X70 ranei., | |||||||
c. Ki te kore e whakaae NB + V ≤ 0.06%, | |||||||
d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||
e. Ki te kore e whakaae., | |||||||
f. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||
g. Karekau he taapiringa pai o B e whakaaetia ana ko te toenga B ≤ 0.001% |
Tito matū mo te paipa PSL 2 me te t ≤ 0.984” | |||||||||||||||||||||
Koeke maitai | Hautau papatipu, % i runga i te wera me te tātari hua | Carbon Equiv a | |||||||||||||||||||
C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | Ētahi atu | CE IIW | CE Pcm | |||||||||||
mōrahi b | mōrahi | mōrahi b | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi | mōrahi |
Paipa Tukino me te Paiherea | |||||||||||||||||||||
BR | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | c | c | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X42R | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
BN | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | c | c | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X42N | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X46N | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X52N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X56N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.10f | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X60N | 0.24f | 0.45f | 1.40f | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.10f | 0.05f | 0.04f | g,h,l | I whakaae | |||||||||||
BQ | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X42Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X46Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X52Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.5 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X56Q | 0.18 | 0.45f | 1.5 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X60Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X65Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X70Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.80f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X80Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.90f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | ahau, j | I whakaae | |||||||||||
X90Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.9 | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | j,k | I whakaae | |||||||||||
X100Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.9 | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | j,k | I whakaae |
Paipa paiherea | |||||||||||||||||||||
BM | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X42M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X46M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X52M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | d | d | d | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X56M | 0.22 | 0.45f | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | d | d | d | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X60M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X65M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X70M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | 0.43 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X80M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.85f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | ahau, j | .043f | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X90M | 0.1 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | ahau, j | – | 0.25 | ||||||||||
X100M | 0.1 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | ahau, j | – | 0.25 | ||||||||||
a. SMLS t>0.787", ka rite nga here CE. Ko nga rohe CEIIW ka whakamahia ki te C> 0.12% ka pa nga rohe CEPcm ki te C ≤ 0.12%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
b. Mo ia whakahekenga o te 0.01% i raro iho i te morahi kua tohua mo C, ka whakaaetia kia piki ake te 0.05% ki runga ake i te morahi kua tohua mo Mn, tae atu ki te 1.65% morahi mo nga tohu ≥ L245, B ranei, engari ≤ L360, X52 ranei; tae atu ki te 1.75% morahi mo nga tohu > L360, X52 ranei, engari < L485, X70 ranei; tae atu ki te 2.00% teitei mo nga tohu ≥ L485, X70 ranei, engari ≤ L555 ranei X80; tae atu ki te 2.20% morahi mo nga tohu > L555, X80 ranei., | |||||||||||||||||||||
c. Ki te kore e whakaaehia Nb = V ≤ 0.06%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
e. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% me Mo ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
f. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, | |||||||||||||||||||||
g. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
h. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% me MO ≤ 0.50%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
i. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% me MO ≤ 0.50%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
j. B ≤ 0.004%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
k. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% me MO ≤ 0.80%, | |||||||||||||||||||||
l. Mo nga reanga paipa PSL 2 engari ko nga tohu kei te tuhipoka j kua tuhia, ko enei e pa ana. Ki te kore e whakaaehia, karekau he taapiri i te B ka whakaaetia me te toenga B ≤ 0.001%. |

PSL | Tikanga Tukunga | Koeke paipa |
PSL1 | Ka rite ki te hurihia, ka whakanoa, ka hangaia | A |
Ka hurihia, ka huri noa, ka takahurihia te whakamaarama, ka hangaia te wera-miihini, ka hangaia te tikanga, ka whakatauritea, ka whakamaarama me te whakamaarama, ki te whakaae ranei Q&T SMLS anake | B | |
Ka rite ki te hurihia, te whakahurihuri, te takai werawera, te hanga-mahana, te hanga noa, te whakanoa, te whakamaarama me te whakamaarama | X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70 | |
PSL 2 | Ka hurihia | BR, X42R |
Ko te whakaraerae i te hurihanga, te whakaraerae i te hanga, te whakahoahoa, te whakahoahoa ranei me te whakama | BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60N | |
Kua tineia me te riri | BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q | |
Thermomechanical hurihia, thermomechanical ranei i hanga | BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M | |
Thermmechanical hurihia | X90M, X100M, X120M | |
Ko te nui (R, N, Q, M ranei) mo nga tohu PSL2, no te karaehe rino |
Ko te PSL e tu ana mo te Taumata Whakataunga Hua, kei roto ko PSL1 me PSL2. Ka taea hoki te mohio he tohu kounga.
He rereke te PSL1 me te PSL2 ehara i te mea ko nga whakaritenga whakamatautau engari ano hoki i te hanganga matū me nga taonga miihini.
He kaha ake nga whakaritenga a te PSL2 atu i te PSL1 mo te hanganga matū, nga ahuatanga tensile, te whakamatautau paanga, te whakamatautau kore-whakangaro, aha atu.
Whakamātautau Pānga
Ko te PSL1 e kore e rapua he whakamatautau paanga, engari ko te PSL2 (haunga te X80).
Whakamātautau kore-whakangaro
Kaore e hiahiatia e te PSL1 nga whakamatautau kore-kino, engari ko te PSL2.
(Te whakamatautau kore-whakangaro: Ko te whakamatautau me te whakamatautau kore-whakangaro i roto i te paerewa API 5L e whakamahi ana i te reo irirangi, te ultrasonic, me etahi atu tikanga (kaore e whakangaro i nga rauemi) ki te kite i nga hapa me nga ngoikoretanga i roto i nga paipa.)



Ko te takaite tikanga tahanga, here waea maitai, tinokaha.
Mena kei a koe nga whakaritenga motuhake, ka taea e koe te whakamahitakai waikura takai, me te ataahua ake.
Whakatupato mo te takai me te kawe i nga paipa maitai waro
1.API 5L Paipa maitaime tiakina mai i nga kino i puta mai i te tukinga, te tangohanga me te tapahi i te wa o te kawe, te rokiroki me te whakamahi.
2. I te wa e whakamahi ana i nga putorino waro, me whai koe i nga tikanga whakahaere mo te haumaru me te aro ki te aukati i nga pahū, te ahi, te paihana me etahi atu aitua.
3. I te wa e whakamahia ana,waro maitai API 5L Paipame karo i te pa atu ki nga wera teitei, nga paanui haukino, me etahi atu. Mena ka whakamahia i enei taiao, me whiriwhiri nga paipa waro maitai i hangaia mai i nga mea motuhake penei i te aukati teitei me te aukati waikura.
4. I te wa e whiriwhiri ana i nga paipa waro maitai, me whiriwhiri nga paipa waro maitai o nga rawa tika me nga whakaritenga i runga i nga whakaaro matawhānui penei i te taiao whakamahi, nga ahuatanga reo, te pehanga, te pāmahana me etahi atu mea.
5. I mua i te whakamahinga o nga paipa waro waro, me whakahaere nga tirotiro me nga whakamatautau kia pai ai to raatau kounga ki nga whakaritenga.



Te waka:Whakaaturanga (Tauira Tuku), Air, Rail, Whenua, kaipuke moana (FCL, LCL ranei, Nui ranei)





Q: He kaihanga koe?
A: Ae, ko matou te kaihanga ngongo maitai e noho ana i te kainga o Daqiuzhuang, taone nui o Tianjin, Haina.
Q: Ka taea e au te tono whakamatautau he maha noa nga taranata?
A: Ko te tikanga. Ka taea e matou te tuku utanga mo koe me te LCL serivece.(He iti ake te uta ipu)
Q: Mena he tauira kore utu?
A: Tauira kore utu, engari ka utua e te kaihoko te utu.
Q: He kaiwhakarato koura koe me te mahi tauhokohoko hokohoko?
A: 13 tau te kaihoko koura me te whakaae ki te whakapumautanga hokohoko.