Paipa API me te Paipa 3PE

I roto i ngā kaupapa hangarau nui pēnei i te hinu, te hau māori, me te tuku wai ā-tāone, ko ngā paipa te kaupapa matua o te pūnaha kawe waka, ā, ko tā rātou whiriwhiringa ka whakatau tika i te haumaru, te ōhanga, me te roa o te kaupapa. Ko ngā paipa API me ngā paipa 3PE, e rua ngā hua paipa e whakamahia whānuitia ana, he mea nui tonu mā ngā tīma hangarau. Heoi, he rerekē rawa ngā paerewa hoahoa, ngā āhuatanga mahi, me ngā horopaki e tika ana. He mea nui te māramatanga hohonu ki ō rātou āhuatanga hei whakapai ake i te kounga o te kaupapa.

Ngā Whakamāramatanga me ngā Horopaki Taupānga Matua

Ko te paipa API, he whakarāpopototanga mō te "American Petroleum Institute Standard Steel Pipe," he mea hanga i runga anō i ngā paerewa o te ao pēnei i tePaipa maitai API 5LHe mea hanga mai i te maitai kaha-teitei, ā, i hangaia mā roto i ngā tukanga hurihuri, whakarewa rānei. Ko ōna kaha matua kei roto i tōna kaha pēhanga teitei me te kaha kume, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tono pēhanga teitei pērā i ngā paipa hinu me te hau tawhiti me ngā putunga puna hau kirikiri. Ko tōna pumau hanganga i roto i ngā pāmahana tino nui mai i te -40°C ki te 120°C e waiho ana hei wāhanga matua o te kawe pūngao.

Ko te tikanga o te paipa 3PE ko te "paipa maitai anti-waikura polyethylene papa-toru." Ka whakamahia he paipa maitai noa hei turanga, kua pania ki te hanganga anti-waikura papa-toru e whai kiko ana i te paninga paura epoxy (FBE), te piripiri, me te polyethylene. Ko tōna hoahoa matua e aro ana ki te tiaki i te waikura, e whakaroa ana i te roa o te mahi a te paipa mā te wehe i ngā moroiti oneone me ngā electrolytes mai i te turanga paipa maitai. I roto i ngā taiao tino waikura pēnei i te tuku wai ā-tāone, te maimoatanga paru, me te kawe wai matū, ka taea e te paipa 3PE te whakatutuki i te roa o te mahi neke atu i te 50 tau, ka waiho hei otinga anti-waikura kua whakamātauhia mō te hanga paipa raro whenua.

Whakataurite Mahi Matua

Mai i te tirohanga mahi matua, he rerekē te tūnga o ngā paipa e rua. Mō ngā āhuatanga miihini, ko te kaha whakaputa o ngā paipa API he nui ake i te 355 MPa, me ētahi tohu kaha teitei (pēnei i teAPI 5L X80) e eke ana ki te 555 MPa, ka taea te tu atu i ngā pēhanga mahi neke atu i te 10 MPa. Ko te paipa 3PE, i tētahi atu taha, ka whakawhirinaki nui ki te paipa rino turanga mō te kaha, ā, kāore i te kaha te paparanga ārai-waikura ki te pupuri i te pēhanga, he pai ake mō te kawe pēhanga waenga me te pēhanga iti (te tikanga ≤4 MPa).

He tino painga nui ngā paipa 3PE mō te ātete ki te waikura. Nā te hanganga paparanga-toru ka hangaia he ārai takirua o te "wehenga ā-tinana me te tiaki matū." E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau rehu tote he 1/50 noa iho te tere waikura o te paipa maitai tahanga noa. AhakoaNgā paipa APIAhakoa e taea ana te tiaki i te waikura mā te whakapūkara me te peita, he iti iho tonu tōna whai huatanga i roto i ngā taiao tanumia, i raro rānei i te wai i ērā o ngā paipa 3PE, me whai pūnaha tiaki katote tāpiri, ka piki ake ai ngā utu o te kaupapa.

Ngā Rautaki Kōwhiri me ngā Auahatanga Ahumahi

Me piri te kōwhiringa kaupapa ki te mātāpono o te "whakataurite ki ngā horopaki": Mena he hinu, he hau pēhanga teitei te reo kawe, he nui rānei ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana i te taiao mahi, he pai ake ngā paipa API, me te whakataurite i ngā momo maitai pēnei i te X65 me te X80 ki te whakatauranga pēhanga. Mō te kawe wai tanumia, te kawe wai para matū rānei, he kōwhiringa ohanga ake ngā paipa 3PE, ā, me whakarerekē te matotoru o te paparanga ārai-waikura kia rite ki te taumata waikura o te oneone.

Ko te ia o te ahumahi o nāianei ko te "whakakotahitanga mahi." Kei te whakakotahi ētahi kamupene i te rauemi turanga kaha-teitei o te paipa API me te hanganga ā-papa-toru o te paipa 3PE hei whakawhanake i te "paipa hiato ā-kaha-teitei ā-teitei." Ka tutuki i ēnei paipa ngā hiahia o te tuku pēhanga teitei me te tiakitanga waikura mō te wā roa. Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o ēnei paipa i roto i te hanga hinu me te hau moana hohonu me ngā kaupapa whakawhiti wai i waenga i ngā puna. Mā tēnei huarahi auaha ka pai ake te otinga mō te hangarau paipa.