Whakapā mai mō ētahi atu mōhiohio rahi
Kaihanga o te Paipa Rino Waro Iti API 5L o te Hōtaka 40
Rōpū Rino o te Kuiningā taonga utu nuiNgā paipa raina API 5L, he rauemi matua mō ngā hanganga hinu me te hau o te ao. He tino pai ēnei paipa mō ngā paipa tuku hinu/hau tawhiti, ngā whatunga kohikohi, ngā anga/ngongo poka, ngā pūnaha hau o te tāone, ngā raina tukatuka hinu whakapai, me ngā kaupapa pūngao taiwhenua/taiwhenua.
| Taonga | Ngā Taipitopito |
| Ngā māka | API 5L Tau B, X42, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| Taumata Whakatakotoranga | PSL1, PSL2 |
| Diameter o Waho | 1/2"–2", 3", 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 16", 18", 20", 24" tae atu ki te 40" |
| Rārangi Matotoru o te Pakitara | SCH 10, SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH STD, SCH 80, SCH XS, tae atu ki te SCH 160 |
| Tukanga Hanga | Kore-tuitui, ERW Welded, SAW (LSAW, DSAW, SSAW, HSAW) |
| Momo Mutunga | Ngā pito piko, Ngā pito papatahi |
| Roa | SRL, DRL, 20FT (6m), 40FT (12m), Kei te wātea ngā roa ritenga |
| Parenga Mutunga | Ngā taupoki pito kirihou, rino rānei |
| Te Maimoatanga Mata | Taiao, Panipanihia, Pania ki te Mangu, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Panitia ki te Taumaha Konukuraiti), Whakakikoruatia/Whakakīia ki te CRA |
Paipa Rino API 5L Taumata BTūtohi Rahi
| Diameter o Waho (OD) | Matotoru o te Pakitara (WT) | Rahi Paipa Ingoa (NPS) | Roa | Kei te wātea te karaehe maitai | Momo |
| 21.3 mm (0.84 inihi) | 2.77 – 3.73 mm | ½ inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X56 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 33.4 mm (1.315 inihi) | 2.77 – 4.55 mm | 1 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X56 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 60.3 mm (2.375 inihi) | 3.91 – 7.11 mm | 2 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X60 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 88.9 mm (3.5 inihi) | 4.78 – 9.27 mm | 3 inihi | 5.8 mita / 6 mita / 12 mita | Tau B – X60 | Kore-tūhono / ERW |
| 114.3 mm (4.5 inihi) | 5.21 – 11.13 mm | 4 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | Tau B – X65 | Kore-tuitui / ERW / SAW |
| 168.3 mm (6.625 inihi) | 5.56 – 14.27 mm | 6 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | Tau B – X70 | Kore-tuitui / ERW / SAW |
| 219.1 mm (8.625 inihi) | 6.35 – 15.09 mm | 8 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X42 – X70 | ERW / SAW |
| 273.1 mm (10.75 inihi) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 10 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X42 – X70 | KĪHI |
| 323.9 mm (12.75 inihi) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 12 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X52 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 406.4 mm (16 inihi) | 7.92 – 22.23 mm | 16 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X56 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 508.0 mm (20 inihi) | 7.92 – 25.4 mm | 20 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X60 – X80 | KĪHI |
| 610.0 mm (24 inihi) | 9.53 – 25.4 mm | 24 inihi | 6 mita / 12 mita / 18 mita | X60 – X80 | KĪHI |
Pāwhiritia te pātene kei te taha matau
PSL 1 (Taumata Whakatakotoranga Hua 1):E pā ana ki ngā paipa i hangaia ki tētahi taumata kounga paerewa, taketake.
PSL 2 (Taumata Whakatakotoranga Hua 2):Kei roto ko ngā āhuatanga miihini whakarei ake, ngā mana whakahaere hanganga matū tino pakari ake, me ngā kawa NDT, e whakarato ana i tētahi whakatakotoranga whānui tino pakari ake.
| API 5L Grade | Ngā Āhuatanga Mīhini Matua (Kaha Putanga) | Ngā horopaki e tika ana mō ngā whenua o Amerika |
| Taumata B | ≥245 MPa | Hau māori N / A p L p i runga i ngā paipa pēhanga iti i Amerika Te Raki; ngā paipa kohikohi mara hinu iti puta noa i Amerika Waenganui |
| X42/X46 | >290/317 MPa | Windbred Fm, Paipa Whakaeke 123 Paipa i roto i ngā paipa ahuwhenua whakamakuku o waenganui-uru o Amerika; Paipa Tauwhiro i roto i ngā whatunga tohatoha pūngao Iapetus i Amerika ki te Tonga |
| X52 (Matua) | >359 MPa | Ngā paipa hinu kirikiri o Texas; ngā paipa kohikohi hinu me te hau o uta o Brazil; ngā paipa hau maori whakawhiti-rohe o Panama |
| X60/X65 | >414/448 MPa | Ngā paipa onepu hinu o Kanata; ngā paipa pēhanga waenga me te pēhanga teitei i te Moana-a-Kiwa o Mehiko |
| X70/X80 | >483/552 MPa | Kei te rere te paipa hinu nui i te US; kei te BZ ngā papa hinu me te hau DTW |
Te tirotiro i ngā rauemi mata- tīpakohia, ka tirotirohia hoki ngā pereki maitai, ngā koiri rānei o te kounga pai.
Te hanga– Hurihia, werohia rānei kia rite ki te āhua o te paipa (Tuitui kore / ERW / SAW).
Whakarewa– Ka whakarewahia ngā hononga paipa mā te whakamahi i te whakarewa ātete, te whakarewa pewa rānei i raro i te wai.
Te maimoatanga wera– te whakapakari i te kaha me te pakari mā te whakamahana tika.
Te whakatikatika me te whakatikatika i te rahi– whakarerekētia te whānui o te paipa, me te whakaū kei te tika te rahi.
Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro (NDT)– Te tirotiro i ngā hapa o roto me te mata.
Whakamātautau waipū– hei whakamātautau i te kaha me te turuturu o ia paipa.
Paninga mata– Tāpirihia he paparanga ārai-waikura (he wanihi pango, he FBE, he 3LPE, me ētahi atu).
Te Tohu me te Tirotiro– Tohua ngā whakaritenga me te whakahaere i te tirotiro kounga whakamutunga.
Te tākai me te tuku– Te tākai, te whakarārangi me te tuku, me te tiwhikete whakamātautau wheketere.
Tari Ratonga ā-Rohe e kōrero Pāniora anaE whakarato ana tā mātou apiti ā-rohe i ngā ratonga reo Pāniora, e tuku ana i tētahi wheako tino pai, ā, e whakarite ana i te tukanga kawemai pai rawa atu.
Taonga PonoKei a mātou ngā taonga e ranea ana hei whakatutuki wawe i ō hiahia ota.
Tākai HaumaruKa takai pūmautia ngā paipa, ka hiritia ki ngā paparanga maha o te takai mirumiru hei ārai i te rerekētanga me te pakaru i te wā e kawe ana, kia mau ai te haumaru.
Tukunga Tere me te Whai HuaTukunga ki tāwāhi hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga tuku o tō kaupapa.
Te Tākai me te Tukunga o ngā Ngongo Rino Kounga ki Amerika Waenganui
Tākai pakariHe pai te tākai o ā mātou ngongo maitai ki roto i ngā papa rakau kua pania ki te IPPC, e rite ana ki ngā paerewa kaweake o Amerika Waenganui. He kiriuhi ā-wai e toru ngā paparanga kei ia kete hei ātete i te āhuarangi haukū, ā, ko ngā taupoki pito kirihou hei ārai i te puehu me ngā mea ke ki roto i ngā ngongo. Ko ngā kawenga o te waeine he 2 ki te 3 tana e uru ana ki ngā kerēne iti ake pēnei i ērā e whakamahia whānuitia ana i ngā papa mahi hanga i te rohe.
Ngā Kōwhiringa Roa RitengaKo te roa paerewa he 12 mita, ka taea te kawe ngāwari mā te ipu. Ka kitea hoki e koe ngā roa poto ake o te 10 mita, 8 mita rānei nā te herenga o te kawe waka whenua pārūrū i ngā whenua pēnei i a Guatemala me Honduras.
Ngā tuhinga me ngā ratonga katoaKa whakaratohia e mātou ngā tuhinga katoa e hiahiatia ana mō te kawemai ngāwari pēnei i te Tiwhikete Taketake o Pāniora (puka B), te Tiwhikete Rauemi MTC, te Pūrongo SGS, te Rārangi Tākai me te Nama Tauhokohoko. Ka whakatikahia ngā tuhinga hē, ā, ka tukuna anō i roto i ngā haora 24 kia pai ai te tuku i ngā taonga.
Tukunga me te Whakahaere Ratonga PonoKia oti te hanga, ka tukuna ngā taonga ki tētahi kaipuke kore utu, māna e kawe mā uta me te moana. Ko ngā wā whakawhiti noa ko:
Haina → Panama (Tauranga Colon): 30 rā
Haina→Mexico( Manzanillo Port): 28 ra
Haina → Costa RicaCosta Rica (Limon Port): 35 rā
Ka tukuna anō e mātou ngā ratonga tuku taonga mō ngā wā poto mai i te tauranga ki te mara hinu, ki te papa hanga rānei, me te mahi tahi me ngā hoa mahi whakahaere taonga ā-rohe pēnei i a TMM i Panama kia pai ai te whakahaere i ngā ratonga tuku taonga i te wā whakamutunga.
Q: Kei te tutuki ā koutou paipa maitai API 5L i ngā paerewa hou mō te mākete o Amerika?
Āe. Tā mātouNgā paipa maitai API 5Le tino tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te API 5L 45th Revision hou rawa atu—koinei anake te putanga e whakaaetia ana e ngā mana whakahaere puta noa i Amerika, tae atu ki te US, Canada, me Amerika Latina. E tutuki ana hoki i a rātou ngā paerewa ā-ahu ASME B36.10M, me ngā whakaritenga ā-rohe pērā i te tiwhikete NOM a Mexico me ngā ture rohe hokohoko kore utu a Panama. Ka taea te manatoko i ngā tiwhikete katoa e tika ana (API, NACE MR0175, ISO 9001) i runga i ngā paetukutuku mana o ngā whakahaere whakaputa.
P: Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te mea tikaNgongo Rino API 5Lmō taku Kaupapa (hei tauira, X52 vs. X65)?
A: Ko te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu ka tīmata mā te aromatawai i ngā tawhā matua o tō kaupapa: te pēhanga whakahaere, te reo wai, me te taiao tāutanga.
Mō ngā tono pēhanga iti (≤3MPa), pērā i ngā raina hau ā-tāone, i ngā pūnaha whakamakuku ahuwhenua rānei, ko te Wāhanga B, ko te X42 rānei te kōwhiringa tino ohanga.
Mō te tuku hinu me te hau pēhanga-waenga (3–7MPa) i roto i ngā mara o uta (pērā i ngā papa kirikiri o Texas), ko X52 te kōwhiringa tino whai hua, tino pai hoki.
Mō ngā paipa pēhanga teitei (≥7MPa) me ngā kaupapa taiwhenua (hei tauira, ngā mara hinu wai hohonu o Brazil), ka tūtohu mātou i te API 5L X65, X70, X80 rānei, e tuku ana i te kaha whakaputa teitei (448–552MPa) mō ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua.
Ka taea e tā mātou tīma hangarau o roto te tuku taunakitanga māka kore utu, ritenga ake e hāngai ana ki ngā taipitopito o tō kaupapa.
Ngā Taipitopito Whakapā
Wāhitau
Te rohe ahumahi whanaketanga o Kangsheng,
rohe Wuqing, Tianjin pa, Haina.
Ī-mēra
Ngā Hāora
Mane-Rātapu: Ratonga 24-hāora
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